Signs and Symptoms

A stroke is a medical emergency, and recognizing the signs quickly can save lives. Use the mnemonic FAST to remember the key symptoms:

- Face: Drooping or numbness on one side of the face.

- Arm: Weakness or numbness in one arm or leg.

- Speech: Slurred or garbled speech.

- Time: Time is critical. Note the time when symptoms first appear and seek immediate medical attention.

What is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when the brain doesn't get the oxygen it needs. There are two main types of strokes:

- Ischemic Stroke: Caused by a blockage in the arteries supplying blood to the brain.

- Hemorrhagic Stroke: Caused by bleeding in or around the brain.

Causes of Stroke

Strokes can be caused by various factors, including:

- Blocked Arteries: Often due to atherosclerosis.

- Embolic Stroke: Blood clots that travel from other parts of the body to the brain.

- Hemorrhagic Stroke: Bleeding within the brain.

- Trauma: Injuries leading to bleeding in the brain.

Diagnosing a Stroke

Diagnosis involves:

- Stroke Assessment Score: Based on symptoms and response to commands.

- CAT Scan: To check for bleeding or blockages in the brain.

- MRI: Provides detailed images of the brain to confirm a stroke.

Treatment Options

Treatments depend on the type and timing of the stroke:

- Clot-Busting Medications: Used for ischemic strokes to dissolve clots.

- Blood Pressure Management: Critical for all types of strokes.

- Interventional Procedures: Removal of clots via minimally invasive techniques.

- Preventive Medications: To reduce the risk of future strokes.

Preventing a Stroke

Many strokes can be prevented by managing risk factors:

- Control Blood Pressure: High blood pressure is a major risk factor.

- Manage Cholesterol: Keep cholesterol levels in check.

- Treat Sleep Apnea: Untreated sleep apnea increases stroke risk.

- Atrial Fibrillation Management: Use blood thinners if recommended by your doctor.

Learn More

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This guide aims to help you understand the basics of stroke, its signs and symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies. If you have any concerns or symptoms, please consult a healthcare professional immediately.