What is a Heart Attack?

A heart attack happens when a blockage forms in one of the heart's arteries, stopping blood flow to the heart muscle. This is usually caused by plaque (a fatty substance) building up in the arteries over time. When a piece of this plaque breaks off, it can form a clot that blocks blood flow, leading to a heart attack.

Common Symptoms to Watch Out For:

• Classic Signs:

• Chest pain or discomfort

• Trouble breathing

• Palpitations or feeling your heart racing

• Sweating

• Pain Radiating to Other Areas:

• Left arm

• Neck

• Jaw

• Less Obvious Symptoms:

• Nausea or stomach upset

• Symptoms that come and go (stuttering symptoms)

Tip: Heart attack symptoms can vary from person to person. If something feels wrong, seek help immediately!

How Heart Attacks are Diagnosed

Doctors use several tests to confirm if someone is having a heart attack:

1. Blood Tests: Checking for a substance called troponin that is released when the heart is damaged.

2. EKG (Electrocardiogram): Measures the heart's electrical activity to spot any issues.

3. Coronary Angiogram: A special X-ray that shows the heart's arteries to detect blockages.

Treating a Heart Attack

The main goal of treatment is to open up the blocked artery and restore blood flow. This can be done in two ways:

1. Stenting: A small tube is placed in the artery to keep it open.

2. Bypass Surgery: In severe cases, doctors may need to bypass the blocked artery using blood vessels from other parts of your body.

Recovery Times:

• Stenting: Typically, 1-2 days in the hospital, then recovery at home.

• Bypass Surgery: Usually, a 5-7 day hospital stay before going home.

Preventing Heart Attacks

The good news is that 80% of heart attacks are preventable! Follow these 8 essential lifestyle tips:

1. Manage your blood pressure

2. Control diabetes

3. Lower high cholesterol

4. Exercise regularly

5. Eat a heart-healthy diet

6. Avoid smoking

7. Get enough sleep

8. Maintain a healthy weight

Conclusion

By understanding the symptoms, getting the right diagnosis, and managing your risk factors, you can protect yourself from heart attacks.