Heart Matters

Understanding Aortic Stenosis 101


Introduction to Aortic Stenosis


Hello, I’m Dr. Stephanie Saucier, a board-certified cardiologist and lipid specialist. Today, we’ll discuss aortic stenosis – what it is, its signs and symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.

What is Aortic Stenosis?

Aortic stenosis occurs when the aortic valve, which sits between the heart's left ventricle and the aorta, doesn’t open properly. This limits blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body, reducing oxygen supply to organs and muscles.

Signs and Symptoms of Aortic Stenosis

Common symptoms include:

Shortness of BreathChest PainFainting or DizzinessSwelling in the Feet or Body (Heart Failure Symptoms)Fatigue with Physical Activity

Causes of Aortic Stenosis

Aortic stenosis can be caused by:

Aging and Calcification: The valve stiffens over time.Rheumatic Heart Disease: Past infections can damage the valve.Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A congenital condition where the valve has two leaflets instead of three, leading to early stenosis.

How is Aortic Stenosis Diagnosed?

Aortic stenosis is usually diagnosed with an

echocardiogram, a non-invasive ultrasound of the heart. This test uses sound waves to visualize the heart and measure the valve opening, determining if the stenosis is mild, moderate, or severe.

Treatment Options for Aortic Stenosis

Treatment depends on the severity:

Mild or Moderate Stenosis: Regular monitoring and symptom management.Severe Stenosis: Valve replacement is necessary, which can be done through:Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR): Traditional open-heart surgery.Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): A less invasive procedure done through the groin or neck.

Can Aortic Stenosis be Prevented?

Unfortunately, aortic stenosis cannot be prevented through lifestyle changes like diet or exercise. Regular check-ups are essential for early detection and management.

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Stay informed and proactive about your heart health to manage aortic stenosis effectively.

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